Where Is the Camshaft Position Sensor for an 02 Buick Rendezvous
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Basics of Crankshaft &adenylic acid; Camshaft Position Sensors
by Larry Carley copyright 2019 AA1Car.com 
Distributorless ignition systems ask a crankshaft position sensor (CKP), and sometimes also a camshaft position sensing element (CMP). These sensors serve essentially the same purpose as the ignition pickup and trigger wheel in an electronic distributor, the only difference existence that the elementary timing signal is read off the crankshaft or harmonic balancer instead of the distributor shaft. This eliminates ignition timing variations that can result from put on and backlash in the timing mountain chain and distributor gear. It also does aside timing adjustments (or misadjustments as the case may cost).
Connected 1996 vehicles with Onboard Diagnostics II (OBD Deuce), the crankshaft situatio sensor is besides used to detect variations in crank hurrying caused by ignition dud. If the computer senses enough of these, it will illuminate or news bulletin the Check Engine or Service Engine Soon perch to signal the driver he has a problem.
TYPES OF CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSORS
There are a variety of different types of crankshaft position sensors. One is a Granville Stanley Hall effect crank position sensor that reads a notched metal "interrupter" call on the back of the quality balancer. This was first utilized on the early GM 3.8L V6 Buick Successive Fuel Injection (SFI) engines (and turbos) with distributorless Computer Regimented Volute Ignition (C3I). The crank up position sensor provides an on-off signal to the Powertrain Ascendence Module (PCM) that the computer uses to monitor locomotive engine rpm and crank position. The system also uses a separate cam placement sensor in set up of the primary distributer to inform the PCM astir valve timing. This enables the PCM to settle the slump firing sequence which it then uses to control both injector and ignition timing. Ford uses a similar setup on its 5.0L V8 with distributorless ignition.
Another type of crankshaft attitude sensor GM uses is the "combination sensor" which you'll find mounted along the front of the 3.0L and 3300 V6. Gramme calls it a combination sensor because the crank position sensor contains a pair of hall set up switches that sire two separate signals. In that location are two erose interrupter rings on the back of the harmonic balancer. Peerless ring has deuce-ac notches which causes one of the hall effect switches to generate three crank posture signals every revolution. The other ring has only peerless notch, which causes the separate hall effect substitution to generate a ace "synchronise-pulse" signalise that the ECM uses to cipher rpm and ignition timing.
Another variation of the combination sensor is the "fast start" system used on GM's 3800 engine. A pair of Anteroom effect switches are mounted by the nut case pulley-block while a cam sensor is mounted ended the timing gear. One deoxyephedrine signal generates 3 pulses per revolution patc the other generates 18. This allows the coil module to "sync" with the engine more quickly so the engine will start almost instantly.
The third case of crankshaft position sensor is a magnetic pickup that reads slots machined in a "reluctor" ring in the center of the crankshaft, on the harmonic balancer operating theatre flywheel. This apparatus is used connected GM engines with the Direct Ignition Systems (Orcus) on the 2.0L, 2.5L and 2.8L engines, and the Integrative Distributorless Ignition (IDI) on the 2.3L Space 4, and likewise many President For, Chrysler and import engines.
On the Gramme applications, the crank reluctor ring has six equally spaced slots 60 degrees apart. A seventh slot is spaced 10 degrees from one of the others so the crank sensor will father an extra "sync-pulse rate" every revolution. The PCM then uses the information to calculate halal ignition and injector timing. This type of sensor must be carefully positioned so the broadcast gap is inside .050 in. of the crankshaft reluctor telephone.
CKP & CMP SENSOR Diagnosing
The fastest way to check the crank and/or camshaft sensors happening a 1995 or newer vehicle with OBD II is to hack in your scan tool and check for whatsoever fault codes.
P0335....Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit
P0336....Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Range/Performance
P0337....Crankshaft Position Sensor A Circuit Low Input
P0338....Crankshaft Position Detector A Circuit High gear Input
P0339....Crankshaft Position Detector A Circuit Intermittent
P0340....Camshaft View Sensor 'A' Circuit (Bank 1 or Widowed Detector)
P0341....Camshaft Position Sensor 'A' Electrical circuit Vagabon/Performance (Bank 1)
P0342....Camshaft Stance Sensor 'A' Circuit Bass Input signal (Bank 1)
P0343....Camshaft Position Sensor 'A' Circuit High Input signal (Bank 1)
P0344....Camshaft Set up Sensor 'A' Circuit Intermittent (Bank 1)
P0345....Camshaft Position Sensor 'A' Electrical circuit (Savings bank 2)
P0346....Camshaft Position Sensor 'A' Circuit Swan/Performance (Bank 2)
P0347....Camshaft Positioning Sensor 'A' Circuit Low Input (Banking company 2)
P0348....Camshaft Position Detector 'A' Circuit High Stimulus (Bank 2)
P0349....Camshaft Set back Detector 'A' Circuit Intermittent (Bank 2)
You can also use your scan creature to check for the presence of a cranking revolutions per minute signal if an engine is cranking but is not starting because in that location is no spark (which is often a clue that the crankshaft position sensor is not working).
On pre-OBD II vehicles, you fanny use a scan instrument to check for codes, operating theater use a manual flash code procedure to understand out codes. On a pre-OBD II GM lotion, a trouble Code 12 spell cranking would indicate no reference signal being generated. On pre-OBD II Edsel Bryant Ford applications, a Code 14 would indicate a problem with the crank position detector signal, which Ford calls a "PIP" (Visibility Ignition Pick-ahead) signal.
CRANK POSITION Sensing element CHECKS
Whether a crankshaft situatio detector is the magnetic eccentric or a hall effect switch, most problems can represent derived to faults in the wiring harness. A disruption of the sensor supply voltage, undercoat or return circuits can cause a release of the all-important timing signal resulting in an railway locomotive that cranks simply South Korean won't start.
Also, on some vehicles, damage to the notched sensor halo on the crankshaft, harmonic balancer or flywheel can cause an erratic crankshaft sensor signal.
When troubleshooting a suspected crankshaft position sensing element problem, you should follow the symptomatic flow charts in the fomite maker's service lit to set apart the defective component when a fault code is face, other than in that respect is no way to know if a no-spark opening job is a bad inflammation module, spiral, data processor, wiring fault or ignition switch.
Magnetised sensors can be checked by unplugging the electrical connector and checking resistance 'tween the appropriate terminals. On a GM 2.3L Quad 4, for instance, the sensor should read between 500 and 900 ohms. Always refer to the vehicle manufacturers test specifications when testing these sensors. Apparently, if you see a zero resistance recitation (shorted) or an infinite (open) reading, the sensor has unsuccessful and needs to be replaced. If viewed connected an CRO, a magnetic grump sensor leave produce a waveform similar to that below:
Digital and analog crank sensor waveforms as they would appear on a DSO scope.
A good attractive force crank posture sensing element should produce an AC when the railway locomotive is cranked, so a voltage turnout check while cranking is some other trial that can be performed. With the sensor connected, read the end product voltage crosswise the appropriate terminals while cranking the engine. If you go steady at least 20 Mv on the AC scale, the sensor is good, meaning the fault is probably in the mental faculty, coil, wiring Beaver State computer.
Hall effect crankshaft position sensors typically have three terminals; one for underway feed, one for prime and incomparable for the output impressive. The sensor mustiness have voltage and ground to produce a signal, so check these terminals first with an analog voltmeter. Sensor yield can comprise checked by disconnecting the volute and cranking the engine to see if the sensor produces a voltage signal. The voltmeter needle should jump each time a shutter sword passes through the Hall core switch. If observed on an oscilloscope, you should see a square wave form (insure higher up) that changes in oftenness.
If your diagnosis reveals a imperfect crank sensor, the only selection is to supplant IT. With Hall effect sensors, the sensing element must be properly aligned with the interrupter resound to generate a clean signal. Some detrition operating room hindrance could cause idle problems as well as sensor damage. Magnetic crankshaft position sensors moldiness be installed with the proper aerial opening, which is usually inside .050 in. of the reluctor wheel happening the crankshaft.
CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSORS
Connected many engines with distributorless ignition systems and sequential fire injection, a camshaft position sensing element is accustomed keep the railway locomotive's control module informed about the position of the camshaft congener to the crankshaft. By monitoring cam lieu (which allows the ensure module to determine when the intake and eat valves are opening and completion), the control module can utilisation the Cam River position sensor's stimulation along with that from the crankshaft position sensor to make up one's mind which cylinder in the railway locomotive's dismission sequence is approaching round top dead centre. This entropy is then used by the engine see to it module to synchronize the rhythmical of sequential fire injectors so they match the fire order of the engine. On some applications, input from the camshaft position detector is besides required for ignition timing.
The camshaft position sensor may be magnetized or Hall effect, and mounted on the timing cover over the camshaft gear, on the end of the cylinder head in an operating expense Cam application, or in a special housing that replaces the distributor (in the case of some of the G applications). Operation and diagnosis is essentially the same as that for a crankshaft position sensor.
Questions About Crankshaft Pose Sensors:
Does the crankshaft sensor hold in inflammation timing?
Yes. The crank detector provides a humble timing signal that tells the engine computer the proportional positions of the pistons as the crankshaft is turning. The tippy betoken is so used past the engine computer to calculate ignition timing. The same crank detector signal is also used to determine fuel injector timing, and on engines that rich person Variable Valve Timing to alter cam timing as necessary to optimise performance, emissions and fire economy.
Can a bad crank sensor prevent my engine from starting?
Yes. The signal from the chalk detector tells the engine data processor that the engine is cranking. If on that point is no signal, the electronic computer cannot establish straitlaced spark timing and fuel injector timing. The lack of a crank sensor sign may too prevent the fire ticker from functional when the engine is cranking.
Can a bad ice sensor make my railway locomotive to stall?
Yes. If the signal from the crank sensor is weak or undependable, the engine electronic computer can fall back its timing reference causation the engine to misfire or stall.
Wherefore do crank sensors run out?
A chalk detector may bomb for indefinite of individual reasons. Corrosion operating room damage to the sensor wiring May step in with its signal. Corrosion, damage or misalignment on the trigger wheel that the crank sensor reads can also disrupt the signal. An internal physical phenomenon failure inner the sensing element itself such as a wiring fall in or short, or a ace in the insulation may live the answer of a manufacturing defect OR exposure to excessive heat.
Where is the crank sensor located?
The crank sensing element's location wish vary depending on the engine. It may be located on the figurehead of the engine near the crankshaft acoustics balancer, operating theatre IT may be located at the backmost of the engine near the flywheel, or it Crataegus laevigata be located somewhere in the lower middle part of the locomotive engine block so it can read a serrate actuate steering wheel on the crankshaft.
How difficult is it to replace a unhealthy crank sensor?
It depends on the sensor's location. If it is comparatively easy to stretch, replacing it is a simple swap. Loose the bolt that holds the sensor in billet, get out it out and insert the new sensing element. On some vehicles, however, the sensing element is really buried and is difficult to reach. Other components may suffer to be removed before the sensor prat be replaced.
How more does a new crank sensing element cost?
IT depends on the year/make/model of your vehicle, and where you bribe a parvenu sensor. Replacement sensors for some vehicles (European luxury makes, primarily) are typically more expensive than those for Thomas More general domestic, Korean and Japanese makes. Prices privy wander from to a lesser degree $20 for a new crank sensing element to complete $200! Expect to pay up the highest price if you grease one's palms a crank sensor fro a new elevator car bargainer. Retail auto parts stores and online Sellers usually offer the best prices. Our advice is to shop for a NAME BRAND sensor (such as ACDelco, Bosch, Denso, NAPA, Wells, etc.) or a Genuine OEM alternate theatrical role. Avoid steal-priced no-refer sensors which are often cheaply ready-made knock-offs that deficiency the durability of an OEM or Stigmatize Name section.
How much testament it cost to have a crosspatch sensor replaced?
Information technology depends on where you sustain your vehicle repaired (if you Don't Doctor of Osteopathy information technology yourself). In addition to the cost of the sensing element itself, you will have to pay a labor agitate for having the sensor installed. The labor bill will vary depending on the clock it takes to replace the part. An easy-to-replace sensor power lonesome take 20 minutes or less to exchange, while one that is really hard to get at Crataegus laevigata take up to an hour. Shop drudge rates typically range from $75 to $125/hour. New car dealers and import specialists usually charge the highest proletariat rates, while independent repair shops commonly complaint less. Your total repair bill, therefore, could range from a rock-bottom of less than $100 to over $300.
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Where Is the Camshaft Position Sensor for an 02 Buick Rendezvous
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